SpiceBlack pepper
Most health-promoting benefits are primarily supported by animal and test-tube studies; human clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy.
Benefits
- Antioxidant
- anti-inflammatory
- supports digestion and nutrient absorption
- may benefit brain health
- blood sugar
- and cholesterol
- offers immune and gastro-protective properties.
Key compounds
Piperinevolatile oiloleoresinsalkaloidspiperettinelimonenepinenemanganesevitamin Kflavonoidsphenolic compounds
May help with
- Used in Ayurvedic and Asian medicine as a digestive aid
- for respiratory support
- immune support
- pain management
- circulation
- and cognitive function.
Best for these goals
Antioxidantanti-inflammatorysupports digestion and nutrient absorptionmay benefit brain healthblood sugarand cholesteroloffers immune and gastro-protective properties.
How to use it
Ground, whole peppercorns, powdered form, pills, tablets, paste
Evidence level
Limited
Cautions & interactions
Generally safe in food amounts; high doses or extracts may interact with medications due to piperine's effect on drug absorption. | Interactions: Piperine can have minor to moderate interactions affecting the absorption of prescription medications; consult a doctor.
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